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International Journal of Cancer Research

Year: 2009 | Volume: 5 | Issue: 1 | Page No.: 25-35
Research Article

A Comparison of Rice Bran, Corn Oil and Soybean Oil Against Azoxymethane Induced Colon Cancer in a Fisher 344 Rat Model

V. Panala
Department of Food and Animal Sciences, Alabama A and M University, P.O. Box 1628, Normal, AL 35762, USA
M. Verghese
Department of Food and Animal Sciences, Alabama A and M University, P.O. Box 1628, Normal, AL 35762, USA
J. Boateng
Department of Food and Animal Sciences, Alabama A and M University, P.O. Box 1628, Normal, AL 35762, USA
R. Field
Department of Food and Animal Sciences, Alabama A and M University, P.O. Box 1628, Normal, AL 35762, USA
L. Shackelford
Department of Food and Animal Sciences, Alabama A and M University, P.O. Box 1628, Normal, AL 35762, USA
L.T. Walker
Department of Food and Animal Sciences, Alabama A and M University, P.O. Box 1628, Normal, AL 35762, USA
The objective of this study was to compare the inhibitory effects of Rice bran oil (RBO), Corn oil (CO) and Soybean oil (SBO) at 7% (normal fat level) and 14% (high fat level) on Azoxymethane (AOM) induced Aberrant Crypt Foci (ACF). The long term effect (End Point Tumor (EPT) study) of dietary fat from the above sources on colon cancer in Fisher 344 male rats was determined. In the ACF study 2 groups of F344 rats (4 weeks old) (n = 6) received AIN-93G Control (C) diet containing 7 and 14% Soybean oil (SBO). The remaining groups were assigned treatment diets consisting of 7 and 14% RBO and CO. The rats remained on their respective diets for 13 weeks. Rats in the EPT study were fed a control (AIN-93G) diet with 7% SBO, while the treatment groups were fed diets containing 7% RBO and CO, respectively. At 20 week of age rats in the EPT study were switched to AIN-93Maintenance (M) diets. All rats received 2 s/c injections of AOM at 7 and 8 week of age @ 16 mg kg-1 body weight in saline. At 17 and 45 week of age all rats were killed by CO2 asphyxiation. Total colonic ACF in the rats fed SBO, RBO and CO at 7 and 14% levels ranged from 101-189. In the EPT study, all the rats fed 7% SBO and CO developed tumors (100% tumor incidence) while tumor incidence in the groups fed RBO, was 54% while tumor size (mm) and tumor/Tumor Bearing Rat ratio (TBR) in the rats fed SBO, RBO and CO ranged from 1.3-6.86 and 1.83-5.86, respectively. Present results indicate that the type and constituents (such as n-3 PUFA, vitamin E, phytosterols) of dietary fat plays a significant role in the formation of AOM induced colonic ACF and tumors in Fisher 344 rats.
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