Rima H. Mashal
Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13701, Amman-11942, Jordan
Ayman Oudeh
Queen Alia Heart Institute, King Hussein Medical Center (KHMC), Amman, Jordan
Khalid M. Al-Ismail
Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13701, Amman-11942, Jordan
Khaled A. Abu-Hammour
College of Pharmacy, Al-Isra University, Amman, Jordan
Hayder A. Al-Domi
Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, P.O. Box 13701, Amman-11942, Jordan
ABSTRACT
The underlying role of dietary Trans Fatty Acid (TFA) intake in the aetiology of Coronary Heart Diseases (CHD) and its influence on serum lipid levels is very well established. The present study was conducted to estimate the dietary intake of TFA among selected cases of CHD and healthy participants and to investigate the strength of the association between TFA intake and CHD risk in Jordan. Using a case-control design, 100 patients known to have CHD of either sex and 91 healthy controls of age <60 y were examined. Daily intake of TFA was estimated using a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Mean daily dietary intake of %TFA was significantly higher in cases (0.78±0.55) as compared to controls (0.62±0.28, p = 0.01). Daily TFA intake was significantly positively associated with CHD risk in cases as compared to controls [RR: 2.4 (1.1-4.9), p = 0.01]. The RR of CHD for TFA intake within the highest quartile as compared to the lowest was associated with increased risk of CHD by 4.9 fold (95% CI: 1.3-17.4, p = 0.01) in cases as compared to controls. Finally, the major food sources of TFA intake was contributed by fast food, meats and dairy products. Therefore, proper food labeling of TFA, especially on local foods would help to minimize TFA intake and therefore reduce the risk of CHD incidence in Jordan.
PDF References Citation
How to cite this article
Rima H. Mashal, Ayman Oudeh, Khalid M. Al-Ismail, Khaled A. Abu-Hammour and Hayder A. Al-Domi, 2012. Association of Dietary Intake of Trans Fatty Acids and Coronary Heart Disease
Risk in Jordanian Subjects. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 11: 423-433.
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2012.423.433
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2012.423.433
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2012.423.433
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2012.423.433
REFERENCES
- Ascherio, A., C.H. Hennekens, J.E. Buring, C. Master, M.J. Stampfer and W.C. Willett, 1994. Trans-fatty acids intake and risk of myocardial infarction. Circulation, 89: 94-101.
CrossRef - Zaloga, G., K. Harvey, W. Stillwell and R. Siddiqui, 2006. Trans fatty acids and coronary heart disease. Nutr. Clin. Pract., 21: 505-512.
CrossRef - Brown, D.W., A.H. Mokdad, H. Walke, M. As'ad and M. Al-Nsour et al., 2009. Projected burden of chronic, noncommunicable diseases in Jordan. Prev. Chronic Dis., Vol. 6.
Direct Link - Cantwell, M.M., M.J. Gibney, D. Cronin, K.M. Younger, J.P. O'Neill, L. Hogan and M.A.T. Flynn, 2004. Development and validation of a food-frequency questionnaire for the determination of detailed fatty acid intakes. Public Health Nutr., 8: 97-107.
CrossRef - Craig Schmidt, M.C., 2006. World wide consumption of trans fatty acids. Atherosclerosis Suppl., 7: 1-4.
CrossRef - Feldman, E.B., P.M. Kris-Etherton, D. Kritchevsky and A.H. Lichtenstein, 1996. Position paper on trans fatty acids. ASCN/AIN task force on trans fatty acids. American society for clinical nutrition and American institute of nutrition. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 63: 663-670.
PubMed - Ferdinand, K.C., 2006. Coronary artery disease in minority racial and ethnic groups in the United States. Am. J. Cardiol., 97: 12-19.
CrossRef - Juan, P.M.F.S., 2009. Trans fatty acids (tFA): sources and intake levels, biological effects and content in commercial Spanish food. Nutricion Hospitalaria, 24: 515-520.
Direct Link - Frances, E., 1994. Dietary assessment resource manual. Am. Inst. Nutr. J. Nutr., 124: 2245-2317.
Direct Link - Garland, M., F.M. Sacks, G.A. Colditz, E.B. Rimm, L.A. Sampson, W.C. Willett and D.J. Hunter, 1998. The relation between dietary intake and adipose tissue composition of selected fatty acids in US women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 67: 25-30.
Direct Link - Innis, S.M., T.J. Green and T.K. Halsey, 1999. Variability in the TFA content of foods within a food category. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 18: 255-260.
PubMed - Kummerow, F.A., Q. Zhou and M.M. Mahfouz, 1999. Effect of trans fatty acids on calcium influx into human arterial endothelial cells. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 70: 832-838.
Direct Link - Klurfeld, D.M., 1999. Hydrogenated fats and serum cholesterol levels. New Eng. J. Med., 341: 1396-1397.
Direct Link - Lemaitre, R.N., I.B. King, R.E. Patterson, B.M. Psaty, M. Kestin and S.R. Heckbert, 1998. Assessment of trans-fatty acid intake with a food frequency questionnaire and validation with adipose tissue levels of trans-fatty acids. Am. J. Epidemiol., 148: 1085-1093.
Direct Link - Lichtenstein, A.H., 1997. Trans fatty acids, plasma lipid levels, and risk of developing cardiovascular disease. A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 95: 2588-2590.
PubMed - Lopez-Garcia, E., M.B. Schulze, J.B. Meigs, J.E. Manson and N. Rifai et al., 2005. Consumption of trans fatty acids is related to plasma biomarkers of inflammation and endothelial dysfunction. J. Nutr., 135: 562-566.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Louheranta, A.M., A.K. Turpeinen, H.M. Vidgren, U.S. Schwab and M.I.J. Uusitupa, 1999. A high-trans fatty acid diet and insulin sensitivity in young healthy women. Metabolism, 48: 870-875.
CrossRef - Marks, G.C., M.C. Hughes and J.C. van der Pols, 2006. Relative validity of food intake estimates using a food frequency questionnaire is associated with sex, age and other personal characteristics. J. Nutr., 136: 459-465.
Direct Link - Mashal, R.H., K.M. ISmail, H.A. Al-Domi and T.Y. Mousa, 2011. Variability in trans fatty acid content of selected local and imported foods in Jordan. La Rivista Italiana Delle Sostanze Grasse.
Direct Link - Mozaffarian, D., M.B. Katan, A. Ascherio, M.J. Stampfer and W.C. Willett, 2006. Trans fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. N. Eng. J. Med., 354: 1601-1613.
CrossRefDirect Link - Mozaffarian, D., M. Abdollahi, H. Campos, A. Houshiarrad and W.C. Willett, 2007. Consumption of trans fats and estimated effects on coronary heart disease in Iran. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 61: 1004-1010.
CrossRef - Mozaffarian, D., A. Aro and W.C. Willet, 2009. Health effects of trans-fatty acids: experimental and observational evidence. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 63: S5-S21.
CrossRef - Neuhouser, M.L., A.R. Kristal and R.E. Patterson, 1999. Use of food nutrition labels is associated with lower fat intake. J. Am. Diet. Assoc., 99: 45-50.
CrossRef - Ratnayake, M., M. L'Abbe, S. Farnworth, L. Dumais and C. Gagnon et al., 2009. Trans fatty acids: Current contents in canadian foods and estimated intake levels for the canadian population. J. AOAC Int., 92: 1258-1276.
Direct Link - Schmidt, M., S. Affenito, R. Striegel Moore, P. Khoury and B. Barton et al., 2005. Associations of television viewing with eating behaviors in the 2009 health behaviour in school-aged children study. arch. Arch. Pediatr. Adolescent Med., 159: 626-631.
CrossRef - Skeaff, C., 2009. Feasibility of recommending certain replacement or alternative fats. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 63: S34-S49.
CrossRef - Smith, S.C. Jr., 2006. Current and future directions of cardiovascular risk prediction. Am. J. Cardiol., 97: 28-32.
CrossRef - Stender, S. and J. Dyerberg, 2004. Influence of trans fatty acids on health. Ann. Nutr. Metab., 48: 61-66.
Direct Link