American Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology2150-42102150-4253Academic Journals Inc.10.3923/ajbmb.2011.244.254Mard-SoltaniMaysam Reza DayerMohammad AtaieGhasem MoazediAhmad Ali Saaid DayerMohammad Reza AlaviSayed Mohammad 3201113Diabetes mellitus is the major risk factor for vascular diseases presumably by inducing hypercoagulable state leading to thrombotic plaque in small blood vessels. There are miscellaneous reports showing the intervention of some coagulation factors/co-factors, especially I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, vonWillebrand and tissue factor in micro and macrovascular complications. In the present we used 40 uniformed NIDDM patients and 21 healthy volunteers as control for the study. Based on the results obtained for coagulation tests such as PT, APTT and the specific activity or concentration determination for factors I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, X and von Willebrand, we made a new comprehensive comparison between NIDDM and healthy groups. Present results show the major interference of intrinsic and common pathway of coagulation cascade factors and less of extrinsic pathway in hypercoagulability state in NIDDM patients. Present results show that there are significant increase (p<0.05) in plasma activities of coagulation factors, FII, FIX, FXI in intrinsic and common pathways and significant decrease in activity of factor VIII and prolonged prothrombin time in NIDDM patients (n = 40) in contrast to normal controls (n = 21). This finding leads us to conclude that this pattern could be used as diagnostic criteria for the presence of hypercoagulable state and as prognostic tools for susceptibility to vascular disease in NIDDM patients. 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