Sadaf Afzal
Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahdur khan Women University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
Salma Durrani
Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahdur khan Women University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
Ayesha Khan Malghani
Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahdur khan Women University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
Maria Khan
Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahdur khan Women University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
Naheed Sajjad
Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahdur khan Women University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
Nabeela Tariq
Department of Zoology, Sardar Bahdur khan Women University, Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan
ABSTRACT
Water and tea are the main sources of fluoride intake in humans and may cause dental fluorosis during tooth development. The current study aimed to determine the fluoride concentrations in drinking water and tea samples and their association with dental fluorosis. To evaluate the prevalence of dental fluorosis, 882 primary school children (8-13 years) were analyzed and 14% were found to be affected. Drinking water samples (34) were analyzed and the fluoride concentrations ranged from 0.61 to 2.55 ppm. Fourteen (14) different branded and unbranded tea leaf samples exhibited fluoride concentrations of 5.73-7.70 and 2.13-4.56 ppm, respectively, based on the ion-selective electrode method. It was concluded that the dental fluorosis observed among school children was directly associated with the fluoride concentrations in their drinking water and tea samples.
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How to cite this article
Sadaf Afzal, Salma Durrani, Ayesha Khan Malghani, Maria Khan, Naheed Sajjad and Nabeela Tariq, 2016. Concentrations of Fluoride in Drinking Water and Tea Samples and Associations with Dental Fluorosis. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 15: 85-88.
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2016.85.88
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2016.85.88
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2016.85.88
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2016.85.88
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