Journal of Biological Sciences1727-30481812-5719Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/jbs.2021.10.18Aspiculuris tetraptera) Infection in Laboratory Mice]]>FouadDalia HajlaAsma AtayaFarid S. Al-OlayanEbtsam 12021211Background and Objective: Many animal houses in the Middle East are infected with some common parasites like Aspiculuris tetraptera. Some researchers consider this infection as normal although it could have unforeseen impacts on experimental assays and study outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the effects of A. tetraptera infection on the haematological, physiological, histopathological and immunological parameters of laboratory mice in the King Saud University’s animal house. Materials and Methods: Twenty-five mice were used in this experiment, twenty were used as the experimental group following natural infection with A. tetraptera, while the other five were not infected and used as the control group. This study involved blood cell count liver and kidney function tests, lipid profile and histological and immunological examination of tissue samples. Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS software and unpaired T-Tests. Results: Haematological tests revealed marked increases in the white blood cell count (WBC) of infected mice when compared with the control group, whereas no significant changes were observed in Red Blood Cells (RBC) count. Physiological analysis of liver function revealed significant increases in aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum of infected mice indicating liver injury. The lipid profiles of infected mice showed significant increases in total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-c and LDL-c. In addition, histological and immune histochemical evaluations of IL-6 and TNF-α in the liver, kidney and spleen showed significant differences between the two groups. Conclusion: Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that A. tetraptera infection interferes with research results as indicated by altered blood cell count, liver function, lipid profile and abnormal tissue histology over the normal uninfected mice.]]>Bazzano, T., T.I. Restel, R.M. Pinto and D.C. Gomes,2002Syphacia obvelata and Aspiculuris tetraptera in conventionally maintained laboratory mice.]]>97847853Michels, C., P. Goyal, N. Nieuwenhuizen and F. Brombacher,2006Syphaciaobvelata (Pinworm) induces protective Th2 immune responses and influences ovalbumin-induced allergic reactions.]]>7459265932Ito, A.,1982Hymenolepis nana: Immunogenicity of a lumen phase of the direct cycle and failure of autoinfection in mice.]]>54113120Chen, X.M., X. Li, R.Q. Lin, J.Y. Deng and W.Y. Fan et al.,2011455860Taffs, L.F.,197610113Sharma, S.,2018Aspiculuris tetraptera infection and mortality in mice.]]>8667671Pritchett, K. and N. Johnston,2002413646Burr, H., L. Paluch, G. Roble and N. Lipman,20122012pp: 839-866pp: 839-866Pinto, R.M., D.C. Gomes and D. Noronha,2003Aspiculuristetraptera, Dentostomellatranslucida and Syphaciaobvelata) in gerbils and mice.]]>424648Pritchett-Corning, K.R., J. Cosentino and C.B. Clifford,200943165173Whary, M.T., N. Baumgarth, J.G. Fox and S.W. Barthold,20152015pp: 43–149pp: 43–149Wintrobe, M.M. and J.P. Greer,200912th Edn.,pp: 2488-2493pp: 2488-2493Giani, J., M. Muñoz, R. Pons, G. Cao, J. Toblli, D. Turyn and F. Dominici,2011300F272F282Pritchett-Corning, K. and C. Clifford,20122012pp: 503-518pp: 503-518Fouad, D., H. Alobaid and A.A. Al-Jafary,201310343350Sher, Y.P. and M.C. Hung,20132013Fouad, D., H. Alhatem, R. Abdel-Gaber and F. Ataya,2019Ficus carica in male albino rats.]]>1252435Otto, G.P., B. Rathkolb, M.A. Oestereicher, C.J. Lengger and C. Moerth et al.,2016Mus musculus).]]>55375386Coman, C., E. Vlase and A. Dinu,201844115120Yin, W., E. Carballo-Jane, D.G. McLaren, V.H. Mendoza and K. Gagen et al.,2011535165Baker, D. and N. Lipman,20152015pp: 441-1496pp: 441-1496Tanaka, T., M. Narazaki and T. Kishimoto,20142014Habermann, R.T. and F.P. Williams, Jr.,1958209791009Gao, P., C. Dang and J. Watson,2008473740