Journal of Pharmacology and Toxicology1816-496x2152-100xAcademic Journals Inc.10.3923/jpt.2020.58.64Combretum hypopilinum in Laboratory Animals]]>KabiruAbubakar AminuUsman MusaYerima Abubakaar AmaliMuhammad HassanSamaila SuleimanAbdullahi Tijani GiazeRabiu Imam TankoAbdulhamid 22020152Background and Objectives: Limited efficacy and negative property of currently available antiepileptic drugs limit their use and cause difficulties in patient management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sedative and anti-convulsant effects of Combretum hypopilinum. Combretum hypopilinum stem bark was extracted using 95% methanol. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the crude methanol stem bark extract was carried out using standard procedures. Materials and Methods: Diazepam induced sleep was employed for the sedative effect. The anti-convulsant effect was evaluated by using MEST, PTZ and strychnine induced seizure models. Motor coordination deficit was also evaluated by using the beam walk assay method. Results: The result of the phytochemical screening revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as; steroids, flavonoids and alkaloids. Acute toxicity studies were carried out and oral LD50 were found to be 3807.89 and >5000 mg kg1 b.wt., respectively. The extract showed a dose dependent and statistically significant decrease in the onset of sleep. The extract was active in maximal electroshock seizure test at doses of 200 and 400 mg kg1. The extract also exerted significant activity in Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) seizure test at a dose of 400 mg kg1. The extract had no effect on Strychnine (STC) induced seizure test. In the beam walk assay test, the extract revealed no significant motor deficit in all tested doses. Conclusion: From the results of the present work, it may be concluded that the Combretum hypopilinum extract contains bioactive principles with central nervous system depressant effect, this may also support the traditional use of the plant in treatment of epilepsy and other mental illnesses.]]>Sarker, S.D., Z. Latif and A.I. Gray,20062nd Edn.,Pages: 515Pages: 515CDC.,20162016Hesdorffer, D.C., V. Beck, C.E. Begley, M.L. Bishop and S. Cushner-Weinstein et al.,201354207216Aliyu, H., J.O. Ayo, S.F. Ambali and A.U. Zezi,2013715851591Ipingbemi, A.E.,2015102536Ji, H.F., X.J. Li and H.Y. Zhang,200910194200Quintans-Junior, L.J., T.T. Souza, B.S. Leite, N.M.N. Lessa and L.R. Bonjardim et al.,2008Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt (Poaceae) leaf essential oil in rodents.]]>15619624Abubakar K., C.J. Ugwah-Oguejiofor, M.N. Usman, S.B. Abubakar and R. Abdulkadir,2013Evolvulus alsinoides in mice.]]>2436441Muazu, J. and A.H. Kaita,20085387390Wahab, A.,2010320902110Lorke, D.,198354275287Miya, T.S., H.G.O. Holck, G.K.W. Yui and G.R. Spratto,1973pp: 44-46pp: 44-46Dandiya, P.C. and H. Cullumbine,1959Acorus calamus (III): Some pharmacological actions of the volatile oil.]]>125353359Swinyard, E.A. and H.J. Kupferberg,19854426292633Sayyah, M., J. Valizadeh and M. Kamalinejad,2002Laurus nobilis against pentylenetetrazole- and maximal electroshock-induced seizures.]]>9212216Swinyard, E.A.,196910107119Vellucci, S.V. and R.A. Webster,198497289293Porter, R.J., J.J. Cereghino, G.D. Gladding, B.J. Hessie, H.J. Kupferberg, B. Scoville and B.G. White,198451293305Stanley, J.L., R.J. Lincoln, T.A. Brown, L.M. McDonald, G.R. Dawson and D.S. Reynolds,200519221227Abubakar, K., Y.I. Alkali, M.M. Kabir, A.A. Alhaji, U.O.C. Jane, I.M. Adebisi and M.L. Umaru,2018Bombax buonopozense P. Beauv. (Bombacaceae).]]>26165Rasilingam, D., S. Duraisamy and R. Subramanian,200945154Sutar, R.C., S.B. Kasture and V.K. Kalaichelvan,2014Holoptelea integrifolia (Roxb.) Planch in experimental animals.]]>6308311Matsumura, F.,19852nd Edn.,Pages: 598Pages: 598Onu, A., Y. Saidu, M.J. Ladan, L.S. Bilbis, A.A. Aliero and S.M. Sahabi,2013Khaya senegalensis on some biochemical, haematological and histopathological parameters of rats.]]>2013Yaro, A.H., S. Malami, J. Yau, C.N. Sagoe and J.A. Anuka,2015Burkea africana (Fabaceae) in mice.]]>8216219Amos, S., B. Adzu, L. Binda, C. Wambebe and K. Gamaniel,2001Sphaeranthus senegalensis in mice.]]>783337Gottesmann, C.,2002111231239Silambujanaki, P., V. Chitra, S. Kumari, M. Sankari, D. Raju and C.B.T. Chandra,2010Butea monosperma leaves.]]>1431435Tanko, Y., E.D. Eze, A. Jimoh, M. Yusuf and K.A. Mohammed et al.,2012Securinega virosa (Euphobiaceae) in mice.]]>44447Amole, O.O., Y.O. Kayode and O.K. Adeola,2009Rauvolfia vomitoria (Afzel).]]>3319322Aiyelero, O.M., S.N. Abdu-Aguye, A.H. Yaro and M.G. Magaji,2012Securinega virosa (Euphorbiaceae) in mice.]]>41215Nazifi, A.B., N.M. Danjuma, T.O. Olurishe and J. Ya'u,2017Boswellia dalzielii Hutch (Burseraceae) in mice.]]>20103108