Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2006.1923.1928Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 with Different Immobilization Systems]]>ShamsudinSaleha KalilMohd Sahaid HjYusoffWan Mohtar Wan102006910The objective of this study is to investigate the production of Acetone, Butanol and Ethanol (ABE) by immobilized cells of C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 (ATCC 13564) under anaerobic batch culture system. Two different methods of immobilization, active immobilization in alginate and passive immobilization by employing stainless steel scrubber, nylon scrubber, polyurethane with uniform pores size, polyurethane with different pores size and palm oil empty fruit bunch fiber were studied. Immobilization in alginate was carried out on the effect of cells age, initial culture pH and temperature on the production of ABE. Immobilized solventogenic cells (18 h) produced the highest total solvents concentration compared to the other phases with productivity of 0.325 g L-1 h-1. The highest solvents production by active immobilization of cells was obtained at pH 6.0 with 30°C with productivity of 0.336 g L-1 h-1. Polyurethane with different pores size is significantly better than other materials tested with production of solvents productivity and YP/S at 3.2 times and 1.9 times, respectively compared to free cells after 24 h fermentation. We conclude that passive immobilization technique increases the productivity (215.12 %) and YP/S (88.37 %) of solvents by C. saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4.]]>Bahl, H., W. Andersch, K. Braun and G. Gottschalk,1982Clostridium acetobutylicum grown in continuous culture.]]>141720Couto, S., M.A. Sanroman, D. Hofer and G.M. Gubittz,2004956772Datta, R. and J.G. Zeikus,198549522529Jones, D.T. and D.R. Woods,198650484524Kalil, M.S., P.W. Kit, W.M.W. Yusoff, Y. Sadazo and R.A. Rahman,2003612731275Madihah, M.S.,2002Clostridium acetobutylicum P262.]]>2002Monahar, S., C.K. Kim and T.B. Karegoudar,2001Pseudomonas sp. Strain NGK1 in polyurethane foam.]]>55311316Monot, F., J.M. Engasser and H. Petitdemange,1984Clostridium acetobutylicum.]]>19422426Montoya, D., S. Spitia, E. Silva and W.H. Schwarz,200079117126Ogata, S., S. Yoshino, Y. Okuma and S. Hayashida,1982Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum.]]>28293301O`Reilly K.T. and R.L. Crawford,19895521132118Schoutens, G.H., M.C.H. Nieuwenhuizen and N.W.F. Kossen,1985Clostridium beijerinckii LMD 27.6.]]>27282286Shuler, L. and F. Kargi,1992Qureshi, N., A.H.J. Paterson and I.S. Maddox,1988Clostridium acetobutylicum immobilized by adsorption ono bonechar.]]>29323328Qureshi, N. and H.P. Blaschek,200127292297Yu, H.Q. and H.H.P. Fang,2003375566