Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2007.393.397Spondias mombin and Baphia nittida on Dental Caries Organism]]>AmadiE.S. OyekaA. OnyeagbaR.A. OkoliI. UgboguO.C. 32007103The antimicrobial effect of cold water, hot water and ethanolic extracts
of Spondiasmombin and Baphianittida on cariogenic
streptococci isolated from dental caries patients attending the Ebonyi
State University Teaching hospital dental clinic Abakaliki was investigated
using the agar well diffusion technique. The cold water and ethanolic
extracts of Baphia nittida showed inhibition zone diameter (IZD)
of 10 and 12 mm respectively at 400 mg mL -1, while the hot
water showed no inhibitory effect. All extracts of Spondiasmombin
did not inhibit the test organism. The cold water and ethanolic extracts
of Baphia nittida showed Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)
of 100 and 50 mg mL -1 respectively. The combination of the
cold water extracts of the two herbs showed enhanced activity of 13 mm.
Phytochemical analysis of Baphia nittida revealed the presence
of flavonoids, glycosides, proteins saponins, tannins, carbohydrate and
steroidal aglycone. Acute toxicity testing of Baphia nittida at
a range of 250-5000 mg kg -1 bw using mice showed no clinical
signs of acute toxicity. No chemical toxicity was observed amongst rats
given Baphia nittida extracts 500 and 1000 mg kg -1
bw after 30 days. Baphia nittida may be a potential source of an
antimicrobial agent for the treatment and management of dental caries.]]>Adegbembo, A.O., M.A. El-Nadeef and A. Adeyinka,1995453544Adetunji, L.K.,19991999Akobundu, I.O. and C.W. Agyakwa,1987Almagboul, A.Z., A.K. Basho, A. Karim, T.A. Salibin and S.A. Khalid,198859393396Amadi, E.S., K. Nwakpu, O. Nworie and O. Ogbu,2004in vitro effects of some medicinal plants on Escherichia coli.]]>6176179Berkowitz, B.A. and B.G. Katzung,20012001pp: 64-70pp: 64-70Brooks, G.F., J.S. Butel and S.E. Morse,200122nd Edn.,pp: 217-218pp: 217-218Brouder, G.C. and D.M. Pugh,19773rd Edn.,pp: 39-40pp: 39-40Cheesbrough, M.,20062nd Edn., pages: 434pages: 434Collins, C.H., P.M. Lyne and J.M. Grange,19957th Edn.,Collins, W.J.N., T.F. Walsch and K.H. Figures,1999pp: 120-128pp: 120-128Dosumu, O.O. and O.O. Denloye,1999283133Ibrahim, M.B., M.O. Owonubi and J.A. Onaolapo,1997Anogiesus leiocarpus on Staphylococcus aureus NCTC 6571, Streptococcus progenes NCTC 8198, Escherichia coli NCTC 10418 and Preteus vulgaris NCTC 4636.]]>22026Isu, N.R. and R.A. Onyeagba,20022nd Enlarged Edn.,pp: 25-26pp: 25-26Iwu, M.M. and C.O. Chiori,1984Eupoatorium adoratum extracts.]]>66354356Leitao, D.P., A.A. Filho, A.C. Polizello, J.K. Bastos and A.C. Spadaro,2004In vitro activity of Brazilian green propolis and Buccharis dracunculifolia extracts on cariogenic factor of Streptococcus mutans.]]>2718341839Loesche, W.J.,1986Streptococcus mutans in human dental decay.]]>50353380Odusanya, S.A.,19898500533Okafor, J.C.,20012001Okeke, A.O.,2003Newbouldia laevis based extract.]]>214Onyeagba, R.A., O.C. Ugbogu, C.U. Okeke and O. Iroakasi,2004Allium sativum Linn), ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and lime (Citrus aurantifolia Linn).]]>3552554Perez, C., M. Paul and P. Bazerque,199015113115Prabhu, S.R., D.F. Wilson, D.K. Daftary and N.W. Johnson,19921st Edn.,pp: 553-581pp: 553-581Rowe, A.H.R., A.G. Alexander and R.B. Johns,19893112159Redo, M.C., J.L. Rios and A. Villar,19893117125Samaranayake, L.P.,19961st Edn.,pp: 275-281pp: 275-281Sato, M., H. Tanaka, S. Fujiwara, M. Hirata, R. Yamaguchi, H. Etoh and C. Tokuda,2003Erythrina variegat against cariogenic oral bacteria.]]>10427433Silverstone, L.M., N.W. Johnson, J.M. Hardie and R.A.D. Williams,19811st Edn.,pp: 48-65pp: 48-65Trease, G.E and W.C. Evans,197811th Edn.,Pages: 784Pages: 784Valerio, Jr., L.G. and G.F. Gonzales,2005Uncaria tomentosa) and Maca (Lepidium meyenii): A critical synopsis.]]>241135Uzel, A., K. Sorkun, O. Oncag, D. Cogulu, O. Gencay and B. Salih,2005160189195Linke, H.A. and R.Z. LeGeros,2003548995