Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2007.7.12In vitro Studies on the Integrated Control of Rapeseed White Stem Rot Disease through the Application of Herbicides and Trichoderma Species]]>PakdamanB.S. Mohammadi GoltapehE. 12007101Five herbicides commonly used in rapeseed crop, canola (Brassica napus var Olifera) fields in Iran were studied with an eye to their antifungal activities against six isolates of Trichoderma species and also the phytopathogenic fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The doses tested were the same as are recommended for applications in canola crops. The results showed that the dinitro aniline herbicides (trifluralin and ethalfluralin) had the highest antifungal activities in vitro on the toxified CDA media; also three other herbicides behaved differently in relation to the fungi investigated. Cycloxydim had the most toxicity against Trichoderma sp. and sethoxydim had the least deleterious effects. But, with, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, sethoxydim had the most toxicity together with cycloxydim with an intermediate level of anti-fungal activity between sethoxydim and haloxy fop ethoxy ethyl. This may be the first global report of the antifungal activities of the haloxy fop ethoxy ethyl, ethanol fluralin and cycloxydim.]]>Abawi, G.S. and R.G. Grogan,1975Whetzelinia sclerotiorum.]]>65300309Abushady, M.R., F.M. El Beih and S.M. Hassanen,198328575587Altman, J. and C.L. Campbell,197715361385Anicuta, P.,1985Fusarium oxysporum f. phaseoli and F. solani f. phaseoli (Abstract).]]>13347357Bae, Y.S. and G.R. Knudsen,2005Trichoderma harzianum.]]>32236242Baker, K.F.,19811981pp: 523-561pp: 523-561Boland, G.J. and R. Hall,1994Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.]]>1693108Chugh, J.K. and B.A. Wallace,200129565570Dandurand, L.M. and G.R. Knudsen,1993Pseudomonas fluorescens on hyphal growth and biocontrol activity of Trichoderma harzianum in the spermosphere and rhizosphere of pea.]]>83265270El Hajji, M., S. Rebuffat, T. Le Doan, G. Klein, M. Satre and B. Bodo,1989Dictyostelium.]]>97897104Fontana, A., A.M.L. Mosca and V.F. Marchisio,1976213343Grinstein, A., J. Katan and Y. Eshel,197666517522Grinstein, A., N. Lisker, J. Katan and Y. Eshel,1981Fusarium resistance in tomatoes.]]>9235235Gunsolus, J.L. and W.S. Curran,19991999Hassan, S.A., F. Bigler, H. Bogenschutz, E. Boller and J. Brun et al.,199439107119Johnson, K.B.,199484780784Klingman, G.C.,1961pp: 421pp: 421Knudsen, G.R. and L. Bin,1990Trichoderma harzianum from alginate pellets.]]>80724727Knudsen, G.R., D.J. Eschen, L.M. Dandurand and L. Bin,1991Sclerotinia sclerotiorum through colonization of sclerotia by Trichoderma harzianum.]]>75466470Le Doan, T., M. El Hajji, S. Rebuffat, M.R. Rajeswari and B. Bodo,1986c with model membranes.]]>97891104Makawi, A.A.M., M. Abdel-Nasser and A.A. Abdel-Monei,1979134512Molle, G., H. Duclohier and G. Spach,1987224208212Papavizas, G.C.,1985Trichoderma and Gliocladium: Biology, ecology and potential for biocontrol.]]>232354Porter, D.M. and O.E. Rud,198070720722Razavi, S.,1995Tyunyaeva, G.N., A.K. Minenko and L.A. Pen'kov,19746110114