Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2014.792.801PuZhien Guoyue Chen Jirui Wang Yaxi Liu Qiantao Jiang Wei Li Xiujing Lan Shoufen Dai Yuming Wei ZhengYouliang 62014176In this study, the ARF genes were cloned, sequenced and located
on the chromosomes. The gene expression of various stress conditions were analyzed
through RT-PCR. Two important features of ARF in wheat were found: (1) High
sequences homology among species in mammalian and plant and (2) Four exons and
three introns were conserved in Poaceae. In this study the coding genes of ADP-ribosylation
Factors (ARF) were characterized and they were located on chromosomes 3AL and
2DL in common wheat and its diploid progenitors. Forty-seven candidate SNPs
in ARF were detected which were located in exons (17 SNPs) and introns (30 SNPs),
respectively. As expected, most of the SNPs (66.34%) in ARF were transitions
and the rest (33.66%) were transversions. The expression difference of ARF under
various environmental stresses (low-temperature, Abscisic Acid (ABA), Polyethylene
Glycol (PEG), NaCl, stripe rust), in two stages (seedling and maturity) and
in different tissues (root, stem, flag leaf and immature embryo) of 15 days
post-flowering were investigated. The results revealed that the expression levels
of ARF were affected by environmental stresses. PEG stress induced the highest
level of ARF expression, followed by the stripe rust and ABA stresses.]]>Amor, J.C., D.H. Harrison, R.A. Kahn and D. Ringe,1994372704708Antonny, B., S. Beraud-Dufour, P. Chardin and M. Chabre,19973646754684Asakura, Y., E. Ishigaki, R. Sugiyama and F. Kurosaki,2007172189195Bonifacino, J.S. and B.S. Glick,2004116153166Brown, H.A., S. Gutowski, C.R. Moomaw, C. Slaughter and P.C. Sternwels,19937511371144Cooper, D.N. and M. Krawczak,1990855574Cooper, D.N. and H. Youssoufian,198878151155Cosgrove, D.J.,2000407321326Donaldson, J.G.,20032784157341576Donaldson, J.G., D. Cassel, R.A. Kahn and R.D. Klausner,19928964086412Feldman, M.,20012001pp: 1-56pp: 1-56Gallego, M.E., P. Sirand-Pugnet, P. Durosay, B. Clouet d'Orval and Y. d'Aubenton-Carafa et al.,199678457465Gebbie, L.K., J.E. Burn, C.H. Hocart and R.E. Williamson,2005Arabidopsis thaliana L. Heyn.; genome analysis and antisense suppression.]]>5610791091Greasley, S.E., H. Jhoti, C. Teahan, R. Solari and A. Fensome et al.,19952797806Higo, H., N. Kishimoto, A. Saito and K.I. Higo,19941004149Jackson, C.L. and J.E. Casanova,2000106067Kahn, R.A., J. Clark, C. Rulka, T. Stearns and C.J. Zhang et al.,1995Saccharomyces cerevisiae ARF1.]]>270143150Kahn, R.A., P. Randazzo, T. Serafini, O. Weiss and C. Rulka et al.,19922671303913046Kobayashi-Uehara, A., E. Shimosaka and H. Handa,2001160535542Lee, M.H., M.K. Min, Y.J. Lee, J.B. Jin and D.H. Shin et al.,200212915071520Liang, J.O., T.C. Sung, A.J. Morris, M.A. Frohman and S. Kornfeld,19972723300133008Lin, H., W. Zhu, J.C. Silva, X. Gu and C.R. Buell,20062006Memon, A.R.,20041664930Mossessova, E., J.M. Gulbis and J. Goldberg,199892415423Nickel, W. and F.T. Wieland,1997413395400Regad, F., C. Bardet, D. Tremousaygue, A. Moisan, B. Lescure and M. Axelos,1993Arabidopsis GTP-binding protein of the ARF family.]]>316133136Rogozin, I.B., Y.I. Wolf, A.V. Sorokin, B.G. Mirkin and E.V. Koonin,20031315121517Roy, S.W. and W. Gilbert,200510257735778Samuels, A.L., T.H. Giddings Jr. and L.A. Staehelin,199513013451357Shitsukawa, N., A. Takagishi, C. Ikari, S. Takumi and K. Murai,2006FLORICAULA/LEAFY ortholog, is associated with spikelet formation as lateral branch of the inflorescence meristem.]]>811320Singh, R.K., A. Tapia-Santos, T.W. Bebee and D.S. Chandler,2009MDM2 are essential for the regulation of alternative splicing of MDM2 in response to stress.]]>31534193432Stearns, T., R.A. Kahn, D. Botstein and M.A. Hoyt,19901066906699Takeuchi, M., T. Ueda, N. Yahara and A. Nakano,2002Arabidopsis cultured cells.]]>31499515Thiel, G. and N. Battey,199838111125Vitale, N., J. Moss and M. Vaughan,199727238973904Wang, J.R., Z.H. Yan, Y.M. Wei and Y.L. Zheng,2004Elytrigia elongata (Host) Nevski.]]>40289294Wang, X., X. Zhao, J. Zhu and W. Wu,2006Oryza sativa L.).]]>12417427Wang, Z. and C.B. Burge,200814802813Wendel, J.F.,200042225249Yang, L., G. Jin, X. Zhao, Y. Zheng, Z. Xu and W. Wu,20072321742177Yao, Y., Z. Ni, J. Du, Z. Han, Y. Chen, Q. Zhang and Q. Sun,2009TaARF, increases growth rate in Arabidopsis.]]>513544Zhao, X., L. Yang, Y. Zheng, Z. Xu, W. Wu,2009Oryza rufipogon L.) in relation to the domestication of cultivated rice (O. sativa L.).]]>36435442