Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences1028-88801812-5735Asian Network for Scientific Information10.3923/pjbs.2018.409.413Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated from Pneumonia Patients of Quetta Balochistan]]>BalochSummaiya Kamran TajMuhammad TajImran MuhammadGhulam AzizAbdul AliWajid BugtiFirdous Ahmed RindNasir ShehzadFarooq Ahmed EssoteSaeed 82018218Background and Objective: Pneumococcal diseases remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Streptococcus Pneumoniae causing pneumonia in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Afghanistan in children under 5 years of age and older adults. Therefore; the present research was design to study the different microbiological aspects of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Materials and Methods: A total of 480 sputum samples were collected from pneumonia patient at different government hospitals of Quetta. The detail of patient’s gender, age, economical status and educational status were taken on performa. Sputum samples were inoculated into selective strep agar Streptococcus pneumonia colonies were observed on plates and confirmed through different biochemical tests and PCR. Results: Total 480 samples were collected in which 36.6% were Streptococcus pneumoniae positive and 63.3% were negative. The sex wise ratio showed that female (24.10%) were more affected with pneumoniae as compare to male (12.50%). The pneumonia infection age wise distribution was 9% in 1-10 years old patients, 16% in 10-20 years old patients and 11% in 20-30 years old patients. The status wise distribution of pneumonia infection showed that lower class (16%) was more affected as compare to middle class and higher class of Quetta. The percentage of pneumonia infection in hazara race was 14%, in Pathan 8.30%, in Punjabi 7.60% and in Baloch 6.60%. It was seen that illiterate patients were more affected with pneumonia infection (28.3%) than literate (8.3%). The Streptococcus pneumoniae was confirmed through gram staining, different biochemical tests, different sugar fermentation tests and PCR. Whereas confirmed by PCR showed clear band of 329 kb of ply gene. Conclusion: It was concluded that the rate of pneumonia infection was high in female and lower class was more affected with pneumonia.]]>Lund, E. and J. Henrichsen,1978Streptococcus pneumonia.]]>12241262Hausdorff, W.P., J. Bryant, P.R. Paradiso and G.R. Siber,200030100121Dockrell, D.H., M.K. Whyte and T.J. Mitchell,2012Pneumococcal pneumonia: Mechanisms of infection and resolution.]]>142482491Bogaert, D., R. de Groot and P.W.M. Hermans,2004Streptococcus pneumoniae colonisation: The key to pneumococcal disease.]]>4144154Musher, D.M.,1992Streptococcus pneumonia: Clinical spectrum, pathogenesis, immunity and treatment.]]>14801807O'Brien, K.L. and M. Santosham,2004159634644Montagnani, F., A. Fanetti, L. Stolzuoli, L. Croci, F. Arena, A. Zanchi and C. Cellesi,200856179184Avni, T., N. Mansur, L. Leibovici and M. Paul,201048489496Linares, J., C. Ardanuy, R. Pallares and A. Fenoll,2010Streptococcus pneumonia over a 30‐year period.]]>16402410Coles, C.L., J.B. Sherchand, S.K. Khatry, J. Katz, S.C. LeClerq, L.C. Mullany and J.M. Tielsch,2009S. pneumonia among young children in rural Nepal.]]>1410251033Ochoa, T.J., R. Rupa, H. Guerra, H. Hernandez and E. Chaparro et al.,2005Streptococcus pneumonia in nasopharyngeal carrier children younger than 2 years in Lima, Peru.]]>525964Naheed, A., S.K. Saha, R.F. Breiman, F. Khatun and W.A. Brooks et al.,200948S82S89Bellon, J., B. Weise, G. Verschraegen and M. de Meyere,19912920842085Nejad, A.L., M. Amin and M. Salehi,2017Streptococcus pneumonia DNA from nasopharynx of the patients with acute respiratory infection.]]>417621767Ahmad, I., S. Saleha, K. Rahim, A. Basit and H. Rahman et al.,20175851856Bos, J.C., S.J. Beishuizen, G.C. Madeira, E.D.S. Gomonda and E.O. Cossa et al.,2014Streptococcus pneumonia in adult patients with pneumococcal pneumonia in an urban hospital in Mozambique.]]>2014Korona-Glowniak, I. and A. Malm,2012Streptococcus pneumonia strains colonizing upper respiratory tract of healthy preschool children in Poland.]]>2012Dubois, D., C. Segonds, M.F. Prere, N. Marty and E. Oswald,2013Streptococcus pneumonia isolates among other alpha and nonhemolytic streptococci using the VITEK MS MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry system.]]>5118611867Iroha, I.R., N.M. Chibuko, I.B. Moses, P.C. Ejikeugwu, E.N. Ugbo, E.A. Nwakaeze and N.B. Agumah,2015Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated from the nasopharyngeal mucosa of children in Enugu metropolis, Nigeria.]]>419