S. Ommeh
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, GPO 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
L. N. Jin
College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, P.R. China
H. Eding
Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich Loeffler Institut (FLI), Hoeltystrasse 10, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
F. C. Muchadeyi
Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich Loeffler Institut (FLI), Hoeltystrasse 10, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
S. Sulandari
Research Centre for Biology, The Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
M. S.A. Zein
Research Centre for Biology, The Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Cibinong 16911, Indonesia
G. Danbaro
Department of Agriculture, University of Technology, PMB, Lae, Papua New Guinea
C.E. Wani
Department of Animal Production, College of Veterinary Sciences, UBG, P.O. Box 10739, Khartoum, Sudan
S.G. Zhao
College of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, P.R. China
Q. H. Nie
Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, P.R. China
X. Q. Zhang
Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, P.R. China
M. Ndila
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, GPO 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
R. Preisinger
Lohmann Tierzucht GmbH, Cuxhaven, Germany
G. H. Chen
Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu, P.R. China
I. A. Yousif
Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, University of Khartoum, P.O. Box 13314, Khartoum, Sudan
K. N. Heo
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon, Korea
S. J. Oh
National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Suwon, Korea
M. Tapio
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, GPO 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
D. Masiga
International Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), P.O. Box 30772, GPO 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
O. Hanotte
International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, GPO 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
H. Jianlin
University of Nottingham, School of Biology, University Park, NG2 2RD Nottingham, United Kingdom
S. Weigend
Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich Loeffler Institut (FLI), Hoeltystrasse 10, 31535 Neustadt, Germany
ABSTRACT
An A/G Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) at position 1,892 of the Mx gene coding sequence has been linked to susceptibility/resistance to avian viral infection in vitro. Using PCR-RFLP and sequencing methods, 1,946 samples from 109 populations from Asia, Africa and Europe; grouped as indigenous village, commercial, fancy chicken as well as wild junglefowl were genotyped for the polymorphism. Allele and genotype frequencies were calculated. Only the G allele was present in Ceylon junglefowl Gallus lafayetti. Using the wild red junglefowl G. gallus population as reference, we assessed if the A/G alleles and genotypes frequencies have been affected by the breeding history and the geographic dispersion of domestic chicken. Within group variation was high but overall there were no significant variation in distribution of alleles and genotypes frequencies between the red junglefowl and indigenous village chickens (p>0.1946), with the exception of the East Asian group (p<0.0001). However, allele and genotype frequencies were significantly different between the red junglefowl and the commercial or fancy groups (p<0.0001). A small but significant negative correlation (r = - 0.166, p<0.0003) was observed between allelic and geographic distance matrices amongst indigenous village chicken populations. Human selection and genetic drift are likely the main factors having shaped todays observed allele and genotype frequencies in commercial and fancy breeds. In indigenous village chicken and red junglefowl, we propose that both A and G alleles have been maintained by natural selection for disease resistance through a balancing selection mechanism.
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How to cite this article
S. Ommeh, L. N. Jin, H. Eding, F. C. Muchadeyi, S. Sulandari, M. S.A. Zein, G. Danbaro, C.E. Wani, S.G. Zhao, Q. H. Nie, X. Q. Zhang, M. Ndila, R. Preisinger, G. H. Chen, I. A. Yousif, K. N. Heo, S. J. Oh, M. Tapio, D. Masiga, O. Hanotte, H. Jianlin and S. Weigend, 2010. Geographic and Breed Distribution Patterns of an A/G Polymorphism resent in the Mx Gene Suggests Balanced Selection in Village Chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 9: 32-38.
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2010.32.38
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2010.32.38
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2010.32.38
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2010.32.38
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