I.J. Mbuko
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
W.I. Musa
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
S. Ibrahim
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
L. Sa`idu
Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
P.A. Abdu
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
S.B. Oladele
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
H.M. Kazeem
Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
A five year retrospective study (2004-2008) of the prevalence of Gumboro disease (infectious bursal disease, IBD) and other poultry disease diagnosed at the poultry unit of the Ahmadu Bello University Veterinary Teaching Hospital (ABUVTH), Zaria, Kaduna Nigeria was conducted. A prevalence of 7.26% (107 cases) was recorded out of 1473 cases of poultry disease. Gumboro disease occurred throughout the year in Zaria with a high incidence during the festival periods (July-September, October-December and January-March). The outbreaks of IBD were observed to be 1.3 times more likely to occur in pre-rainy season (April-June). Improved breeds of chickens were 5.8 times more likely to suffer from IBD than free range local chickens with broilers being 5.7 times more likely to suffer from the disease than other type of birds followed by layers kept together with cockerels. The prevalence of IBD is influenced by age of birds with an increase in the likelihood of IBD occurring within the age range of 3-5 week. Birds at 5 weeks old were at highest risk. Chickens with one vaccination history against IBD were 8.2 times more likely to suffer from the disease compared to non-vaccinated chickens. This study recommends that poultry farmers should be encourage to improve on farm biosecurity and ensure that their birds are vaccinated at least twice, before 3 and 5 weeks of age (at 1 and 3 or 2 and 4 weeks of age).
PDF References
How to cite this article
I.J. Mbuko, W.I. Musa, S. Ibrahim, L. Sa`idu, P.A. Abdu, S.B. Oladele and H.M. Kazeem, 2010. A Retrospective Analysis of Infectious Bursal Disease Diagnosed at Poultry Unit of Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria. International Journal of Poultry Science, 9: 784-790.
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2010.784.790
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2010.784.790
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2010.784.790
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2010.784.790
REFERENCES
- Abdu, P.A., 1986. Infectious bursal disease immunization failures in chicken in Nigeria. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 18: 123-125.
PubMed - Brown, M.D., P. Green and M.A. Skinner, 1994. VP2 sequences of recent European >very virulent= isolates of infectious bursal disease virus are closely related to each other but are distinct from those of `classical, strains. J. General Virol., 75: 678-680.
PubMed - Dobos, P., B.J. Hill, R. Hallet, D.T. Kells, H. Becht and D. Teninges, 1979. Biophysical and biochemical characterization of five animal viruses with bi-segmented double stranded genomes. J. Virol., 32: 593-605.
PubMed - Ismail, N.M. and Y.M. Saif, 1990. Differentiation between antibodies to serotype 1 and 2 infectious busal disease in chicken sera. Avian Dis., 34: 1002-1004.
PubMed - Muller, H., M.R. Islam and R. Raue, 2003. Research on infectious bursal disease-the past, the present and the future. Vet. Microbiol., 97: 153-165.
PubMed - Newathe, D.R., O. Onunkwo and I.M. Smith, 1978. Serological evidence of infection with the virus of infectious bursal disease in wild and domestic birds in Nigeria. Vet. Rec., 102: 444-447.
Direct Link - Oluwayelu, D.O., B.O. Emikpe, O.A. Oladele, O.G. Ohore and O.A. Fagbohun, 2007. Seroprevalence of infectious bursal disease in flocks of Indigenous Nigerian Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos). J. Anim. Vet. Adv., 6: 64-67.
Direct Link - Ojo, M.O., O.O. Oduye, L.M. Noibi and A.L. Idowu, 1973. Gumboro like disease in Nigeria. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 5: 52-56.
CrossRef - Okoye, J.O.A., E.P. Aba-Adulugba, R.C. Ezeokonkwo, S.C. Udem and L.J.E. Orajaka, 1999. Susceptibility of local Nigerian and exotic chickens to infectious bursal disease by contact exposure. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 31: 75-81.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Owoade, A.A., M.N. Mulder, J. Kohnen, W. Ammerlann and C.P. Muller, 2004. High sequence diversity in Infectious bursal disease virus serotype 1 in poultry and turkey suggest West Africa origin of very virulent strain. Arch. Virol., 149: 653-672.
PubMed - Saif, Y.M. and D.E. Swayne, 1998. Symposium: Infectious poultry diseases. Poult. Sci., 7: 1110-1110.
Direct Link - Saif, Y.M., 1998. Infectious bursal disease and hemorrhagic enteritis. Poult. Sci., 77: 1186-1189.
PubMed - Sharma, J.M., I.J. Kim, S. Rautenschlein and H.Y. Yeh, 2000. Infectious bursal disease virus of chickens: Pathogenesis and immunosuppression. Dev. Comp. Immunol., 24: 223-235.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Zierenberg, K., H. Nieper, T.P. van den Berg, C.D. Ezeokoli, M. Voss and H. Muller, 2000. The VP2 variable region of African and German isolates of infectious bursal disease virus: Comparison with very virulent, classical virulent and attenuated tissue culture-adapted strains. Arch. Virol., 145: 113-125.
Direct Link