B. D. Binda
Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Animal Production, Upper Nile University, South Sudan
I. A. Yousif
Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
K. M. Elamin
Department of Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Production, University of Gezira, Sudan
H. E. Eltayeb
Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Faculty of Animal Production, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted to compare the performance of exotic meat strains (Hybro and Hubbard) and native chicken ecotypes (Bare- neck, Large Beladi and Betwil) under hot climate of the Sudan. A total of 505 one day old chicks were reared together using a Completely Randomized Design with 9 replicates for each genotype. Traits studied up to 8 weeks of age were body weight, feed intake, live weight gain, feed conversion ratio and mortality. Results revealed that there were significant differences (p<0.01) for body weight at various ages among the different genotypes. Body weights for the exotic strains at hatch, 4 and 8 weeks were in the range of 37.85±2.23 - 39.76±3.77, 497.37±101.50 - 516.25±107.95 g and 1230.46±258.06 - 1269.63±242.16 g respectively, whereas the corresponding results for the local ecotypes were 24.68±2.60 - 27.83±4.24, 109.28±25.77 - 141.53±33.75 g and 271.90±25.18 - 341.73±63.77 g. Average live weight gain during the first 4 weeks of age (starter stage) was significantly lower than that during the second 4 weeks (finisher stage) for both exotic strains and native ecotypes. Hybro strain exhibited the highest total live weight gain (1231.78 g.) whereas Large Baladi ecotype was the lowest (247.22). Feed intake and feed conversion ratio showed significant differences (p<0.01) between the exotic strains and the local ecotypes with the former consumed amount of feed three times that consumed by the latter and had better feed efficiency. Although the overall mortality and mortality during the first 4 weeks of age were higher among the local ecotypes than those of the exotics, the reverse was true during the second 4 weeks of age. It can be concluded that the performance of the exotic strains was substantially higher than that of the local chicken ecotypes. This can be attributed to the unimproved genetic potentials of the local chicken ecotypes. On the other hand, the performance of the exotic strains was also lower than that which can be expected under optimum environmental conditions. This may be due to the effect of high ambient temperature.
PDF References
How to cite this article
B. D. Binda, I. A. Yousif, K. M. Elamin and H. E. Eltayeb, 2012. A Comparison of Performance among Exotic Meat Strains and Local Chicken Ecotypes
under Sudan Conditions. International Journal of Poultry Science, 11: 500-504.
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2012.500.504
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2012.500.504
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2012.500.504
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2012.500.504
REFERENCES
- Ali, K.O., A.M. Katule and O. Syrstad, 2000. Genotype × environment interaction in growing chickens: Comparison of four genetic groups on two rearing systems under tropical conditions. Acta Agric. Scand. Section A-Anim. Sci., 50: 65-71.
CrossRefDirect Link - Al-Yousef, Y.M., 2007. A survey study on the distribution of Saudi Baladi chickens and their characteristics. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 6: 289-292.
CrossRefDirect Link - Azoulay, Y., S. Druyan, L. Yadgary, Y. Hadad and A. Cahaner, 2011. The viability and performance under hot conditions of featherless broilers versus fully feathered broilers. Poult. Sci., 90: 19-29.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Cahaner, A. and F. Leenstra, 1992. Effects of high temperature on growth and efficiency of male and female broilers from lines selected for high weight gain, favorable feed conversion and high or low fat content. Poult. Sci., 71: 1237-1250.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Bekele, F., T. Adnoy, H.M. Gjoen, J. Kathle and G. Abebe, 2010. Production performance of dual purpose crosses of two indigenous with two exotic chicken breeds in sub-tropical environment. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 9: 702-710.
CrossRefDirect Link - Gueye, E.F., 1998. Village egg and fowl meat production in Africa. Word Poult. Sci. J., 54: 73-86.
CrossRefDirect Link - Hassen, H., F.W.C. Neser, T. Dessie, A. de Kock and E. Van Marle-Koster, 2006. Studies on the growth performance of native chicken ecotypes and RIR chicken under improved management system in Northwest Ethiopia. Livestock Res. Rural Dev., Vol. 18.
Direct Link - Mohammed, M.D., Y.I. Abdalsalam, A.M. Kheir, W. Jin-Yu and M.H. Hussein, 2005. Comparison of the egg characteristics of different sudanese indigenous chicken types. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 4: 455-457.
CrossRefDirect Link - Mohammed, M.D., Y.I. Abdalsalam, A.R.M. Kheir, W. Jin-Yu and M.H. Hussein, 2005. Growth performance of indigenous x exotic crosses of chicken and evaluation of general and specific combining ability under Sudan condition. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 4: 468-471.
CrossRefDirect Link - Oluyemi, J.A., D.F. Adene and G.O. Ladoye, 1979. A comparison of the Nigerian indigenous fowl with white rock under conditions of disease and nutritional stress. Trop. Anim. Health Prod., 11: 199-202.
CrossRefDirect Link - Tibin, I.M. and K.A. Mohamed, 1990. The effect of breed and dietary protein level on the performance and carcass characteristics of exotic meat-type strain and Sudanese native chickens (1) relationship of feed intake, live weight, feed conversion ratio and mortality with breed and dietary protein level. Sud J. Vet. Sci. Anim. Husb, 29: 13-23.
- Udeh, I. and S.I. Omeje, 2011. Growth and short term egg production of two exotic (layer type) and the local chickens compared with their F1 inbred progenies. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 10: 221-224.
CrossRef - Yalcin, S., P. Settar, S. Ozkan and A. Cahaner, 1997. Comparative evaluation of three commercial broiler stocks in hot versus temperate climates. Poult. Sci., 76: 921-929.
CrossRefDirect Link - Yousif, I.A., A.M. Ismail, A.A Mohammed and M.F. Suleiman, 2006. Growth curves and factors affecting body weight in indigenous chichen prior to age at sexual maturity. Univ. Khartoum J. Agric. Sci., 14: 450-461.
Direct Link