A. Harith Abdulla
Zooveterinary Academy, Ukraine-Kharkiv State, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq
ABSTRACT
The objective of the study reported here was to evaluate the effects of Levamisole and dexamethasone on antibody titer in chicks against Newcastle vaccine.120 Fertile eggs at 18 days of incubation were divided into four equal group, 30 embryonated egg for each. The first group A inoculated with Levamisole that dose 0.1 mL/egg contain 1.25 mg active ingredient and live attenuated Newcastle vaccine(Lasota strain) in dose 0.1 mL/egg contain 4×108 Antigen in chick embryo at 18 days. The second group B injected with Dexamethasone that dose 0.1 mL/egg contain 0.2 mg/egg and Newcastle vaccine (Lasota strain) in dose 0.1 mL/egg contain 4×108 Antigen, in chick embryo at 18 days. The third group C treated with live attenuated Newcastle vaccine (Lasota strain) alone and saved as positive control in chick embryo at 18 days, whereas forth group D (negative control) injected with normal saline in dose 0.1 mL/egg at the same age and method of in group D. Result showed that slight effect of levamisol in increase Hatchability and livability ratio and it indicated sever effect of Dexamethasone in decreased Hatchability and livability. Heamagglutination inhibition test (HI) was used to evaluate the antibodies titer for all groups at 14 days of age. The above results showed the slight increase in HI titer for group A but it was not statisically significant as compared with group C, whereas result of group B showed significant decrease in HI titer as compared with group C.
PDF References
How to cite this article
A. Harith Abdulla, 2014. A Comparative Study of Levamisole and Dexamethasone on the Chicks Immunity Which Inoculated with Newcastle Vaccine. International Journal of Poultry Science, 13: 224-227.
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2014.224.227
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2014.224.227
DOI: 10.3923/ijps.2014.224.227
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=ijps.2014.224.227
REFERENCES
- Ahmad, J. and J.M. Sharma, 1992. Evaluation of a modified-live virus vaccine administered in ovo to protect chickens against Newcastle disease. Am. J. Vet. Res., 53: 1999-2004.
PubMed - Allan, W.H. and R.E. Gough, 1974. A standard haemagglutination inhibition test for Newcastle disease. (1). A comparison of macro and micro methods. Vet. Record, 95: 120-123.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Anderson, D.P., 1992. Immunostimulants, adjuvants and vaccine carriers in fish: Applications to aquaculture. Ann. Rev. Fish Dis., 2: 281-307.
CrossRefDirect Link - Coe, C.L., G.R. Lubach and J.W. Karaszewski, 1999. Prenatal stress and immune recognition of self and nonself in the primate neonate. Neonatology, 76: 301-310.
Direct Link - Cuesta, A., M.A. Esteban and J. Meseguer, 2002. Levamisole is a potent enhancer of gilthead seabream natural cytotoxic activity. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 89: 169-174.
CrossRefDirect Link - Dohms, J.E. and A. Metz, 1991. Stress-mechanisms of immunosuppression. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol., 30: 89-109.
CrossRefDirect Link - Huff, G.R., W.E. Huff, J.M. Balog and N.C. Rath, 1998. The effects of dexamethasone immunosuppression on turkey osteomyelitis complex in an experimental Escherichia coli respiratory infection. Poult. Sci., 77: 654-661.
Direct Link - Jin, H., Y. Li, Z. Ma, F. Zhang, Q. Xie, D. Gu and B. Wang, 2004. Effect of chemical adjuvants on DNA vaccination. Vaccine, 22: 2925-2935.
CrossRef - Kang, Y., H. Jin, G. Zheng, Q. Xie and J. Yin et al., 2005. The adjuvant effect of levamisole on killed viral vaccines. Vaccine, 23: 5543-5550.
CrossRefDirect Link - Mahmud, M.S., M.T. Hossain, P. Monoura and M.M. Amin, 2007. Comparative efficacy of Avinew (VG/GA strain) and BCRDV (F strain) vaccines against Newcastle disease in broiler chickens. Bangl. J. Vet. Med., 5: 19-23.
Direct Link - Ogunsanmi, A.O., S.O. Akpavie and V.O. Anosa, 1994. Haematological changes in ewes experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei. Revue Delevage Medecine Veterinaire Pays Tropicaux, 47: 53-57.
PubMed - Sampson, D. and A. Lui, 1976. The effect of levamisole on cell-mediated immunity and suppressor cell function. Cancer Res., 36: 952-952.
Direct Link - Sharma, J.M. and B.R. Burmester, 1982. Resistance of marek's disease at hatching in chickens vaccinated as embryos with the Turkey herpesvirus. Avian Dis., 26: 134-149.
Direct Link - Stone, H., B. Mitchell and M. Brugh, 1997. In ovo vaccination of chicken embryos with experimental Newcastle disease and avian influenza oil-emulsion vaccines. Avian Dis., 14: 856-863.
Direct Link - Yin, J., H. Jin, Y. Kang, C. Xiao and L. Zhao et al., 2006. Efficacy of modified levamisole adjuvant on inactivated virus vaccine. Viral Immunol., 19: 525-535.
CrossRefDirect Link