Marco Vinicio Ramirez-Mares
Resources Institute, Universidad Del Mar, Oaxaca, Mexico
Jorge Alberto Sanchez-Burgos
Resources Institute, Universidad Del Mar, Oaxaca, Mexico
Beatriz Hernandez-Carlos
Resources Institute, Universidad Del Mar, Oaxaca, Mexico
ABSTRACT
The in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitopoisomerase activities of crude Methanolic (Me) and Hexane (He) extracts of the stem bark of Ardisia compressa (AC) were investigated. Free radical-scavenging activity against 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was evaluated, acid ascorbic was used as reference standard. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the agar diffusion method; the bacteria K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. epidermidis and the fungus C. albicans. Controls employed were chloranphenicol (30 μg) and nystatin (100 units). Topoisomerase inhibition was determined by a clone-forming assay, which uses yeast (S. cerevisiae) strains as a model. Controls included dimethyl sulfoxide (1.66%); campothecin (50 μg/ml), etoposide (100 μg/ml) and sobuzoxane (150 μg/ml). Ascorbic acid was a substantially more powerful antioxidant than the extracts from the stem bark of AC. The Antiradical Efficiency (AE) of ascorbic acid was 249-fold that for He and 8.3-fold that for Me. Only the growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae was inhibited by Me (MIC = 1.875 mg/ml) and He (MIC = 0.9375 mg/ml), while the growth of the other strains were not inhibited. He extract not showed antitopoisomerase activity. Me extract showed antitopoisomerase activity (-15.3%). Open column chromatography of the methanolic extract was conducted and fourteen fractions were collected and tested. Fractions VI (-21.55%), X (-42.49%), XI (-97.68%), XII (-52.34%) and XIII (-35.97%) showed antitopoisomerase I activity and fraction XIV (-79%) antitopoisomerase II (poison) activity. These results suggest that Me extract of the stem bark of A. compressa could be promising in its potential usefulness for treatment of cancer and deserves further investigation.
PDF References
How to cite this article
Marco Vinicio Ramirez-Mares, Jorge Alberto Sanchez-Burgos and Beatriz Hernandez-Carlos, 2010. Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Antitopoisomerase Screening of the Stem Bark Extracts of Ardisia compressa. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 9: 307-313.
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2010.307.313
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2010.307.313
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2010.307.313
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2010.307.313
REFERENCES
- Adhami, V.M. and H. Mukhtar, 2007. Anti-oxidants from green tea and pomegranate for chemoprevention of prostate cancer. Mol. Biotechnol., 37: 52-57.
CrossRef - Brand-Williams, W., M.E. Cuvelier and C. Berset, 1995. Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. LWT-Food Sci. Technol., 28: 25-30.
CrossRefDirect Link - Burgess, J.G., E.M. Jordan, M. Bregu, A. Mearns-Spragg and K.G. Boyd, 1999. Microbial antagonism: A neglected avenue of natural products research. J. Biotechnol., 70: 27-32.
CrossRef - Chitra, M., E. Sukumar, V. Suja and C.S. Devi, 1994. Antitumor, antiinflammatory and analgesic property of Embelin, a plant product. Chemotherapy, 40: 109-113.
PubMedDirect Link - Cho, K.H., J.M. Pezzuto, J.L. Bolton, V.E. Steele, G.J. Kelloff, S.K. Lee and A. Constantinou, 2000. Selection of cancer chemopreventive agents based on inhibition of topoisomerase II activity. Eur. J. Cancer, 36: 2146-2156.
Direct Link - Gonzalez de Mejia, E.G., M.V. Ramirez-Mares and M.G. Nair, 2002. Topoisomerase I and II enzyme inhibitory aqueous extract of Ardisia compressa and ardisin protect against benomyl oxidation of hepatocytes. J. Agric. Food Chem., 50: 7714-7719.
PubMedDirect Link - De Mejia, E.G., M.V. Ramirez-Mares, E. Arce-Popoca, M. Wallig and S. Villa-Trevino, 2004. Inhibition of liver carcinogenesis in Wistar rats by consumption of an aqueous extract from leaves of Ardisia compressa. Food Chem. Toxicol., 42: 509-516.
CrossRef - De Mejia, E.G., S. Chandra, M. Ramirez-Mares and W. Wang, 2006. Catalytic inhibition of human DNA topoisomerase by phenolic compounds in Ardisia compressa extracts and their effect on human colon cancer cells. Food Chem. Toxicol., 44: 1191-1203.
PubMedDirect Link - Kang, Y.H., W.H. Kim, M.K. Park and B.H. Han, 2001. Antimetastatic and antitumor effects of benzoquinonoid AC7-1 from Ardisia crispa. Int. J. Cancer, 93: 736-740.
PubMedDirect Link - Kobayashi, H. and E. de Mejia, 2005. The genus Ardisia: A novel source of health-promoting compounds and phytopharmaceuticals. J. Ethnopharmacol., 96: 347-354.
CrossRef - Mann, C.D., C.P. Neal, G. Garcea, M.M. Manson, A.R. Dennison and D.P. Berry, 2009. Phytochemicals as potential chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents in hepatocarcinogenesis. Eur. J. Cancer Prev., 18: 13-25.
PubMedDirect Link - Nikaido, H. and M. Vaara, 1985. Molecular basis of bacterial outer membrane permeability. Microbiol. Rev., 49: 1-32.
PubMed - Nikolovska-Coleska, Z., L. Xu, Z. Hu, Y. Tomita and P. Li et al., 2004. Discovery of embelin as a cell-permeable, small molecular weight inhibitor of XIAP through structure-based computational screening of traditional herbal medicine three-dimensional structure database. J. Med. Chem., 47: 2430-2440.
PubMedDirect Link - Nitiss, J.L. and J.C. Wang, 1988. DNA topoisomerase-targeting antitumor drugs can be studied in yeast. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 85: 7501-7505.
Direct Link - Nitiss, J.L. and K.C. Nitiss, 2001. Yeast systems for demonstrating the targets of antitopoisomerase II agents. Methods Mol. Biol., 95: 315-327.
CrossRef - Nostro, A., M.P. Germano, V. D'Angelo, A. Marino and M.A. Cannatelli, 2000. Extraction methods and bioautography for evaluation of medicinal plant antimicrobial activity. Lett. Applied Microbial., 30: 379-384.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Ralph, S.J., S. Rodriguez-Enriquez, J. Neuzil, E. Saavedra and R. Moreno-Sanchez, 2010. The causes of cancer revisited: Mitochondrial malignancy and ROS-induced oncogenic transformation - Why mitochondria are targets for cancer therapy. Mol. Aspects Med., 31: 145-170.
PubMedDirect Link - Ramirez-Mares, M.V., S. Fatell, S. Villa-Trevino and E.G. de Mejia, 1999. Protection of extract from leaves of Ardisia compressa against benomyl-induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in cultured rat hepatocytes. Toxicol. In vitro, 13: 889-896.
CrossRef - Ramirez-Marez, M.V. and E.G. de Mejia, 2003. Comparative study of the antioxidant effect of ardisin and epigalloca techin gallate in rat hepatocytes exposed to benomyl or nitropyrene. Food Chem. Toxicol., 41: 1527-1535.
PubMed - Ramirez-Mares, M.V., S. Chandra and E.G. de Mejia, 2004. In vitro chemopreventive activity of Camellia sinensis, Ilex paraguariensis and Ardisia compressa tea extracts and selected polyphenols. Mutat. Res., 554: 53-65.
PubMedDirect Link - Schweizer, F., 2009. Cationic amphiphilic peptides with cancer-selective toxicity. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 625: 190-194.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Shureiqi, I., P. Reddy and D.E. Brenner, 2000. Chemoprevention: General perspective. Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol., 33: 157-167.
Direct Link - Siddhuraju, P. and K. Becker, 2003. Antioxidant properties of various solvent extracts of total phenolic constituents from three different agroclimatic origins of drumstick tree (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves. J. Agric. Food Chem., 51: 2144-2155.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Siddiqui, I.A., M. Saleem, Y.M. Adhami, M. Asim and H. Mukhtar, 2007. Tea beverage in chemoprevention and chemotherapy of prostate cancer. Acta Pharmacol. Sin., 28: 1392-1408.
PubMed - Sumino, M., T. Sekine, N. Ruangrungsi, K. Igarashi and F. Ikegami, 2002. Ardisiphenols and other antioxidant principles from the fruits of Ardisia colorata. Chem. Pharm. Bull., 50: 1484-1487.
PubMedDirect Link - Hsieh, C.Y and S.T. Chang, 2010. Antioxidant activities and xanthine oxidase inhibitory effects of phenolic phytochemicals from Acacia confusa twigs and branches. J. Agric. Food Chem., 58: 1578-1583.
CrossRefDirect Link