Uchenna Agatha Onyechi
Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
Vivinne Nkiruka Ibeanu
Department of Home Science, Nutrition and Dietetics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Physico-chemical properties of Detarium microcarpium (DT), a legume, were investigated for possible use in diabetes. Metabolic study was conducted with 10 healthy subjects who came fasting overnight on two separate days. A control wheat bread (CB) and test meal of detarium bread (DTB) provided 6g soluble non-starch polysaccharide (s-NSP) and 75g of carbohydrate (CHO) were consumed. Venous blood sample was taken at fasting and postprandially for 2½ hours and analyzed for plasma glucose and insulin. The result of the physico-chemical properties showed that the s-NSP content of DT flour was high (59.7g/100g) and the insoluble NSP was (3.85g/100g). The sugar composition showed high proportions of Xylose, galactose and glucose and xyloglucan was the s-NSP fraction. The mean particle size, Water Binding Capacity (WBC) and intrinsic viscosity were 464.2 μm, 8.30 and 7.3±1dl/g, respectively. Analysis of variance showed that DTB meal had a significant reduction (p<0.005) on plasma glucose and insulin levels at most postprandial times. Area Under the Curve (AUC) for glucose and insulin were 62 and 43%, respectively. The result of the physico-chemical properties of DT lend credence to its possible use in the prevention and management of Non-insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM).
PDF References
How to cite this article
Uchenna Agatha Onyechi and Vivinne Nkiruka Ibeanu, 2015. The Physico-Chemical Properties of Detarium microcarpium and Possible Effect in Modulating Postprandial Blood Glucose Response. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 14: 871-876.
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2015.871.876
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2015.871.876
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2015.871.876
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2015.871.876
REFERENCES
- Brennan, C.S., D.F. Blake, P.R. Ellis and J.D. Schofield, 1996. Effects of guar galactomannan on wheat bread microstructure and on the in vitro and in vivo digestibility of starch in bread. J. Cereal Sci., 24: 151-160.
CrossRefDirect Link - Cheryan, H., 1980. Phytic acid interactions in food systems. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 13: 297-335.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Ellis, P.R., F.M. Dawoud and E.R. Morris, 1991. Blood glucose, plasma insulin and sensory responses to guar-containing wheat breads: Effects of molecular weight and particle size of guar gum. Br. J. Nutr., 66: 363-379.
CrossRefDirect Link - Ellis, P.R., P. Rayment and Q. Wang, 1996. A physico-chemical perspective of plant polysaccharides in relation to glucose absorption, insulin secretion and the entero-insular axis. Proc. Nutr. Soc., 55: 881-898.
CrossRefDirect Link - Englyst, H.N., M.E. Quigley, G.J. Hudson and J.H. Cummings, 1992. Determination of dietary fibre as non-starch polysaccharides by gas-liquid chromatography. Analyst, 117: 1707-1714.
CrossRefDirect Link - Englyst, H.N., S.M. Kingman and J.H. Cummings, 1992. Classification and measurement of nutritionally important starch fractions. Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 46: S33-S50.
PubMed - Heaton, K.W., S.N. Marcus, P.M. Emmett and C.H. Bolton, 1988. Particle size of wheat, maize, and oat test meals: Effects on plasma glucose and insulin responses and on the rate of starch digestion in vitro. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 47: 675-682.
Direct Link - Jenkins, D.J., T.M. Wolever, R.H. Taylor, H. Ghafari, A.L. Jenkins, H. Barker and M.J. Jenkins, 1980. Rate of digestion of foods and postprandial glycaemia in normal and diabetic subjects. Br. Med. J., 281: 14-17.
Direct Link - Jenkins, D.J., T.M. Wolever, R.H. Taylor, H. Barker and H. Fielden et al., 1981. Glycemic index of foods: A physiological basis for carbohydrate exchange. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 24: 362-364.
Direct Link - Jenkins, D.J.A., T.M.S. Wolever, A.L. Jenkins, R. Lee, G.S. Wong and R. Josse, 1983. Glycemic response to wheat products: Reduced response to pasta but no effect of fiber. Diabetic Care, 6: 155-159.
CrossRefDirect Link - Jenkins, D.J., T.M. Wolever, A.R. Leeds, M.A. Gassull and P. Haisman et al., 1978. Dietary fibres, fibre analogues and glucose tolerance: Importance of viscosity. Br. Med. J., 1: 1392-1394.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Morgan, L.M., J.A. Tredger, J. Wright and V. Marks, 1990. The effect of soluble- and insoluble-fibre supplementation on post-prandial glucose tolerance, insulin and gastric inhibitory polypeptide secretion in healthy subjects. Br. J. Nutr., 64: 103-110.
CrossRefDirect Link - O'Dea, K., P.J. Nestle and L. Antionoff, 1980. Physical factors influencing postprandial glucose and insulin responses to starch. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 33: 760-765.
PubMedDirect Link - Pusztai, A., Clarke, E.M.W. and T.P. King, 1979. The nutritional toxicity of Phaseolus vulgaris lectins. Proc. Nutr. Soc., 38: 115-120.
PubMedDirect Link - Quin, J.R. and D. Paton, 1979. A practical measurement of water hydration capacity of protein materials. Cereal Chem., 56: 38-40.
Direct Link - Grant Reid, J.S., 1985. Cell wall storage carbohydrates in seeds-biochemistry of the seed Gums and Hemicelluloses. Adv. Bot. Res., 11: 125-155.
CrossRefDirect Link - Wang, Q., P.R. Ellis, S.B. Ross-Murphy and W. Burchard, 1997. Solution characteristics of the xyloglucan extracted from Detarium senegalense Gmelin. Carbohyd. Polym., 33: 115-124.
CrossRefDirect Link