Kamsiah Jaarin
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Chan Pee Yeen
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Norliana Masbah
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, UKMMC, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latif, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
This research studied the effects of heated palm oil on serum creatinine and kidney histological changes in rats. Forty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups (I to IV). Group I was fed with normal rats chaw (control). The groups II, III and IV were fed with rat chaw fortified with 15% weight/weight (w/w) fresh palm oil (FPO), heated five times palm oil (5HPO) and heated ten times palm oil (10HPO), respectively for a period of 16 weeks. Blood for serum creatinine was taken and determined at baseline and at the end of the study period using commercial kit and Cobas integra analyzer. The rats were sacrificed and the kidneys were weighed and examined histologically. The tissues were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. There was a significant reduction in the kidneys weight in 5HPO and 10HPO group compared to fresh and control group. At the end of 16 weeks there was a significant increase in serum creatinine in all study groups compared to the respective baseline. However, there was no significant difference in serum creatinine in the palm oil fed groups compared with control. Histologically, localized congestion was noted in the tubular region of the kidney in the group fed with FPO, while diffuse congestion was observed in the glomerulus and tubular region of the group fed with 5HPO and 10HPO. There was also evidence of chronic inflammation with lymphocytes infiltration located in the tubular region of the groups fed with 5HPO and 10HPO. The inflammatory changes were more severe in 10HPO compared to 5HPO group. In conclusion; heated palm oil diet reduced kidneys weight, causes tubular congestion and inflammation which were more severe in 10HPO compared to 5HPO. The histological changes were not accompanied by an increase in serum creatinine level.
PDF References Citation
How to cite this article
Kamsiah Jaarin, Chan Pee Yeen and Norliana Masbah, 2016. Consumption of Heated Palm Oil and its Effect on Kidney in Rats. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 15: 148-154.
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2016.148.154
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2016.148.154
DOI: 10.3923/pjn.2016.148.154
URL: https://scialert.net/abstract/?doi=pjn.2016.148.154
REFERENCES
- Adam, S.K., I.N. Soelaiman, N.A. Umar, N. Mokhtar, N. Mohamed and K. Jaarin, 2008. Effects of repeatedly heated palm oil on serum lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and homocysteine levels in a post-menopausal rat model. Mcgill J. Med., 11: 145-151.
CrossRefDirect Link - Adam, S.K., S. Das, I.N. Soelaiman, N.A. Umar and K. Jaarin, 2008. Consumption of repeatedly heated soy oil increases the serum parameters related to atherosclerosis in ovariectomized rats. Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 215: 219-226.
CrossRefDirect Link - Adam, S.K., S. Das, F. Othman and K. Jaarin, 2009. Fresh soy oil protects against vascular changes in an estrogen-deficient rat model: An electron microscopy study. Clinics (Sao Paulo), 64: 1113-1119.
CrossRefDirect Link - Alexander, J.C., 1978. Biological effects due to changes in fats during heating. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 55: 711-715.
CrossRefDirect Link - Ani, E.J., V.U. Nna, D.U. Owu and E.E. Osim, 2015. Effect of chronic consumption of two forms of palm oil diet on serum electrolytes, creatinine and urea in rabbits. J. Applied Pharma. Sci., 5: 115-119.
Direct Link - Azman, A., M.S. Sharul, S.X. Chan, A.P. Norhazliza and M. Khairunnisak et al., 2012. Level of knowledge, attitude and practice of night market Food Outlet operators in Kuala Lumpur regarding the usage of repeatedly heated cooking oil. Med. J. Malaysia, 67: 91-101.
PubMedDirect Link - Nurul-Iman, B.S., Y. Kamisah, K. Jaarin and H.M.S. Qodriyah, 2013. Virgin coconut oil prevents blood pressure elevation and improves endothelial functions in rats fed with repeatedly heated palm oil. Evidence-Based Complementary Altern. Med.
CrossRef - Ng, C.Y., X.F. Leong, N. Masbah, S.K. Adam, Y. Kamisah and K. Jaarin, 2014. Heated vegetable oils and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Vascular Pharmacol., 61: 1-9.
CrossRefDirect Link - Dutta, A. and S.K. Dutta, 2003. Vitamin E and its role in the prevention of atherosclerosis and carcinogenesis: A review. J. Am. College Nutr., 22: 258-268.
CrossRefDirect Link - Eder, K., 1999. The effects of a dietary oxidized oil on lipid metabolism in rats. Lipid, 34: 717-725.
CrossRefDirect Link - Gabriel, H.G., J.C. Alexander and V.E. Valli, 1977. Biochemical and histological effects of feeding thermally oxidized rapeseed oil and lard to rats. Can. J. Comp. Med., 41: 98-106.
Direct Link - Hamsi, M.A., O. Faizah, S. Das, Y. Kamisah and Z.C. Thent et al., 2015. Effect of consumption of fresh and heated virgin coconut oil on the blood pressure and inflammatory biomarkers: An experimental study in sprague dawley rats. Alexendria J. Med., 51: 53-63.
CrossRefDirect Link - Isong, E.U., E.U. Essien, O.U. Eka and I.B. Umoh, 2000. Sex- and organ-specific toxicity in normal and malnourished rats fed thermoxidized palm oil. Food Chem. Toxicity, 38: 997-1004.
CrossRefDirect Link - Jaarin, K., T.C. Hwa, N.A. Umar, M.A.S. Aishah and S. Das, 2010. Enzymatic and microstructural changes in the liver of experimental rats fed with fatty diet and fresh or heated soy oil concurrently. Clinica Terapeutica, 161: 429-433.
PubMedDirect Link - Kamsiah, J., U. Nor-Aini, M.A. Siti-Aishah and S. Das, 2015. Palm oil fat diet consumption and its effects on serum liver enzymes and microscopic changes in experimental rats. Pak. J. Nutr., 14: 575-580.
CrossRefDirect Link - Leong, X.F., M.R. Mustafa, S. Das and K. Jaarin, 2010. Association of elevated blood pressure and impaired vasorelaxation in experimental sprague-dawley rats fed with heated vegetable oil. Lipid Health Dise., Vol. 9.
CrossRefDirect Link - Owu, D.U., E.E. Osim and P.E. Ebong, 1998. Serum liver enzymes profile of Wistar rats following chronic consumption of fresh or oxidized palm oil diets. Acta Tropica, 69: 65-73.
CrossRefPubMedDirect Link - Shuid, A.N., L.H. Chuan, N. Mohamed, K. Jaarin, Y.S. Fong and I.N. Soelaiman, 2007. Recycled palm oil is better than soy oil in maintaining bone properties in a menopausal syndrome model of ovariectomized rat. Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr., 16: 393-402.
PubMedDirect Link - Totani, N. and Y. Ojiri, 2007. Mild ingestion of used frying oil damages hepatic and renal cells in Wistar rats. J. Oleo Sci., 56: 261-267.
CrossRefDirect Link - Totani, N. and Y. Ojiri, 2007. Mild ingestion of used frying oil damages hepatic and renal cells in Wistar rats. J. Oleo Sci., 56: 261-267.
CrossRefDirect Link